History+of+Psychosomatic+Medicine

Cartesian Dualism: Rene Descartes was the first person in Western Medical history to separate the mind from the body. "Psychosomatic Illness": The term was developed by Johann Christian August Heinroth. Psychoanalytic Theory: Sigmund Freud. Pscyhoanaysis began to be used in hospitals more formally due to the influences of Alan Gregg, Franz Alexander, Stanley Cobb, and Felix Deutsch. "Liaison Psychiatry": The term was created by Edward Billings. He published //A Handbook of Elementary Psychobiology and Psychiatry.// //Psychosomatic Medicine// was published in the same period by Edward Weiss and O Spurgeon English. These two books outlined the theoretical foundations for the field. "Biopsychosocial Model": The term was stated by George L. Engel, who used the term to challenge divisions created by Cartesian Dualism.
 * Early Days**

Specific liaison psychiatry services were set up in the 1970's. In 1997 liaison psychiatry was recognized as a distinct Royal College of Psychiatry Faculty. The need for liaison psychiatry is clear due to the high prevalence of psychiatric disorders within a general hospital. In fact, the prevalence of psychiatric disorders for patients in general hospitals is much higher than the general population[1]. The prevalence ranges from 41.3% to 46.5%[2]. When a specific liaison psychiatry service is not present, a significant proportion of psychiatric co-morbidity remains undetected and untreated in hospital [3]. In addition, advancements in medical technology such as intensive care treatment, organ transplantation and cardiac surgery[2] have increased the workload for liaison psychiatry. - edited from writing by Dr. Michelle Tempest
 * 1970**

The Faculty of Liaison Psychiatry was established with the Royal College of Psychiatrists.
 * 1997**

The American Psychiatric Association formally recognized Consult-Liaison Psychiatry as a subspecialty, with its own sub-specialty board exam. The profession decided that the best term for the specialty would be "Psychosomatic Medicine".
 * 2004**

//Emotions and Disease: A History from the National Library of Medicine// @http://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/emotions/psychosomatic.html